...government' (Dahl 1971: 3). In fWvm/n he proposes eight of these institutional guarantees, as follows: 1 Freedom to form and join organizations 2 Freedom...Right of political leaders to compete for support and for votes 6 Alternative sources of information 7 Free and fair elections 8 Institutions for making...

...opportunities Dahl derives eight "guarantees" essential to maintaining a polyarchy in a large society: 1. Freedom to form and join organizations 2. Freedom...Right of political leaders to compete for support 53. Right of political leaders to compete for votes 6. Alternative sources of information 7. Free and...

...distribution of resources. (Dahl 1971, 2) The institutions needed to achieve such objectives include: 1. Freedom to form and join organizations 2. Freedom...sources of information 7. Free and fair elections 8. Institutions for making government policies depend on votes and other expressions of preference...

...What Dahl calls contestation enters his classification as a bundle of rights; at the liberal extreme (1) freedom to form and join organizations, (2) freedom of expression, (3) the right to vote, (4) eligibility for public office, (5) competition by political leaders for support,...

...nineteenth-century, Western freedoms. Later, Dahl expanded his definition to include the following eight criteria: 1. Freedom to form and join organizations. 2. Freedom of expression. 3. The right to vote. 4. Eligibility for public office. 5. The right of political leaders to compete for...

...guarantees, dh die demokratischen Institutionen der Gesellschaft: 1. freedom to form andjoin organisations, 2. freedom of expression, 3 . right to vote, 4. eligibility...sources of information, 7. free and fair elections and 8. institutions for making government politics depend on votes and other expressions of preferences.2...

...Demokratie unabhängig von ihrem Grad der Entwicklung vorhanden sein müssen. Zu diesen Kriterien gehören: 1 . Freedom to form and join organizations 2. Freedom...office 5. Right of political leaders to compete for votes 6. Alternative sources of information 7. Free and fair elections 8. Institutions for making government...

...the third wave democracies 1997 218 Dahl (1971, 3) includes following eight attributes to polyarchy: 1) freedom to form and join organizations, 2) freedom of expression, 3) right to vote, 4) eligibility to public offices, 5) right of political leaders to compete for support , 6) alternative sources of...