Geological Travels, المجلد 1F. C. and J. Rivington, 1810 |
طبعات أخرى - عرض جميع المقتطفات
عبارات ومصطلحات مألوفة
afterwards already angular motions appear aquatic plants arrived Baltic birth blocks and gravels blocks of granite borders bottom carried catastrophes cause cavities channel chronometers cliff coasts considerable continents countries course Darss declivity described dike distance Dobberan effects Elbe elevation Eutin excavated extending extremity Eyderstede farther fertile flowing foot formation formed geest geological geologists ginal ground gulph Halligs head height hills horizontal Husum Huttonian hypothesis islands Kiel lakes land waters latter Lubeck Malchin marsch masses materials meadows mountains North Sea object observed original passed peat peat-mosses Pellworm perceived phenomena phenomenon Playfair present primordial stones produced quantity racters rain raised respect rivers road Rostock Rügen running waters sand sand-banks scattered sediments seen shew shewn shore slope soil space stony strata strand stream Strelitz subsidence sufficient supposed surface tides tion town Trave Travemünde vale vallies village Warnow waves whence whole winds Wismar
مقاطع مشهورة
الصفحة 12 - The changes which have taken place in the courses of rivers, are also to be traced, in many instances, by successive platforms, of flat alluvial land, rising one above another, and marking the different levels on which the river has run at different periods of time.
الصفحة 16 - ... communicating with one another, and having such a nice adjustment of their declivities, that none of them join the principal valley, either on too high or too low a level; a circumstance which would be infinitely improbable, if each of these valleys were not the work of the stream that flows in it.
الصفحة 90 - If the coast is bold and rocky, it speaks a language easy to be interpreted. Its broken and abrupt contour, the deep gulphs and salient promontories by which it is indented, and the proportion which these irregularities bear to the force of the waves, combined with the inequality of hardness in the rocks, prove, that the present line of the shore has been determined by the action of the sea.
الصفحة 89 - ... shore has been determined by the action of the sea. The naked and precipitous cliffs which overhang the deep, the rocks hollowed, perforated, as they are farther advanced in the sea, and at last insulated, lead to the same conclusion, and mark very clearly so many different stages of decay. It is true, we do not see the successive steps of this progress exemplified in the states of...
الصفحة 10 - ... for the waters. It is only the philofopher, who has deeply meditated on the effects which action long continued is able to produce, and on the fimplicity of the means which nature employs in all her operations, who fees in this nothing but the gradual working of a ftream, that once flowed as high as the top of the ridge which it now fo deeply interfects, and has cut its courfe through the rock, in the fame way, and almoft with the fame inftrument, by which the lapidary divides a block of marble...
الصفحة 77 - ... we have abundant evidence of the degradation of the land in the beaches of sand and small gravel; the sand banks and shoals that are continually changing; the alluvial land at the mouths of the rivers; the bars that seem to oppose their discharge into the sea, and the shallowness of the sea itself. On such coasts, the land usually seems to gain upon the sea, whereas, on shores of a bolder aspect, it is the sea that generally appears to gain upon the land.
الصفحة 88 - On such shores, the fragments of rock once detached, become instruments of further destruction, and make a part of the powerful artillery with which the ocean assails the bulwarks of the land : they are impelled against the rocks, from which they break off other fragments, and the whole are thus ground against one another ; whatever be their hardness, they are reduced to gravel, the smooth surface and round figure of which, are the most certain proofs of a detritus which nothing can resist.
الصفحة 44 - ... with, we shall quickly remark, that " wherever a deep intersection of the sea is made " into the land, as on the western shores of our own " island, or on those of Norway, a river runs in at " the head of it, and points out by what means such " inlets are formed, viz. by the united powers of the *' sea and of the land, the waters of the latter " having opened the way by which those of the *' former have penetrated so far into the country...
الصفحة 14 - Into this, open a multitude of transverse or secondary vallies, intersecting the ridges on either side of the former, each bringing a contribution to the main stream, proportioned to its magnitude ; and, except where a cataract now and then intervenes, all having that nice adjustment in their levels, which is the more wonderful, the greater the irregularity of the surface. These secondary...
الصفحة 338 - Swedish inches above it. From an inscription near Aspo, in the lake Melar, which communicates with the Baltic, engraved, as is supposed, about five centuries ago, the level of the sea appears to have sunk in that time no less than thirteen Swedish feet.