The Strangling of Persia: A Story of the European Diplomacy and Oriental Intrigue that Resulted in the Denationalization of Twelve Million Mohammedans, a Personal NarrativeCentury Company, 1912 - 423 من الصفحات William Morgan Shuster (1877-1960) was an American lawyer and financial expert who served as treasurer general to the government of the Persian Empire in 1911. In 1910, the Persian government asked U.S. president William Howard Taft for technical assistance in reorganizing its financial system. Taft chose Shuster to head a mission of American experts to Tehran. The Strangling of Persia is Shuster's account of his experiences, published soon after his return to the United States. In the Anglo-Russian convention of August 31, 1907, Britain and Russia had divided Persia (present-day Iran) into a Russian sphere of influence in the north of the empire and a British sphere in the south (with additional arrangements for Afghanistan and Tibet). Each power was to have exclusive commercial rights in its sphere. Under this agreement and other arrangements, Persian customs revenues were collected to guarantee the payment of interest and principal on foreign loans. Seeking to defend the interests of the Persians, Shuster clashed repeatedly with Russian and British officials, until his mission was forced to withdraw in early 1912. The book provides a detailed account of the background to the mission, of political and financial conditions in Persia in the early 20th century, and of the rivalry among Russia, Britain, and eventually Germany for influence in the country. The narrative covers the Russian military intervention of 1911, the atrocities committed by Russian troops, and the coup and dissolution of the Majlis (parliament) carried out under Russian pressure in December 1911. The book includes numerous photographs and a map, an index, and an appendix with copies of key documents and correspondence |
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عبارات ومصطلحات مألوفة
agreement American Anglo-Russian Convention appointment approval army Arshadu'd-Dawla assist Bakhtiyari British Government BRITISH LEGATION British Minister British Russian Cairns capital charge concession Constitutional Government Cossack Brigade Customs Dear Sir George demands deputies diplomatic EMPIRE OF PERSIA England Ephraim Khan ernment ex-Shah force Foreign Affairs Foreign Office gendarmes George Barclay Hamadan Imperial Bank interests Isfahan July Kasvin loan Major Stokes matter Medjlis ment Minister of Finance Ministry Mirza Mons MORGAN SHUSTER Mornard Muhammad Ali Shah Nasiru'l-Mulk National Consultative Assembly Nationalist Northern Persia organization pension Persian Cabinet Persian Government Poklewski-Koziell political powers present proposed provinces received Regent reply Resht resign revenues Russian and British Russian Consulate Russian Government Russian Legation Russian Minister Russian troops Samsamu's-Saltana sent Shuau's-Saltana sian Signed sincerely Sipahdar Sir Edward Grey Sir George Barclay Tabriz taxes Teheran telegraph tion Treasurer-general of Persia Treasury Gendarmerie tumans Turcomans ultimatum