Stress and Addiction

abuse activity acute addiction alcohol consumption animals anxiety associated behavior blood changes chronic cognitive compared consistent coping correlates corticosterone dependence depression determinants dose dose of ethanol drinkers drinking drug Edited effects of alcohol elevated ethanol eustress evidence examined expectancies experience experimental factors feelings Figure findings forms function g/kg higher human hypothesis impairment increased indicated individual influence initial interaction interest involved Journal lesions less levels major male means measures minutes NEFA negative noted patients performance period personality Ph.D physiological plasma positive present problems produced Psychol psychological rats received recent reduce reinforcing relationship reported response role saline scale scores seeking sensation showed significant significantly social specific stress stressor studies subjects substance suggest Table tension reduction tion treatment variables York