That, expreffing the motive or end, has the Subjunctive Mode, with may, might, should, after it.

Left;

with the way in which human nature and reasonable creatures are usually worked upon, he reafoned." Atterbury, Serm. IV. 5.

That our Saviour was divinely inspired, and indued with fupernatural powers, are pofitions that are here taken for granted, as not admitting of the leaft doubt: they would therefore have been better expreffed in the Indicative Mode; "though he was divinely infpired; though he was indued with fupernatural powers." The Subjunctive is ufed in like manner in the following example: "Though he were a Son, yet learned he obedience, by the things which he suffered.” Heb. v. 8. But in a fimilar paffage the Indicative is employed to the fame purpose, and that much more properly: "Though he was rich, yet for your fakes he became poor." 2 Cor. viii. 9. The proper ufe then of the Subjunctive Mode after the Conjunction is in the cafe of a doubtful fuppofition, or conceffion: Though he fall, he fhall not be utterly caft down." Pfal. xxxvii. 24. And much the fame may be faid of

as "

the rest.

The fame Conjunction governing both the Indicative and the Subjunctive Mode, in the fame fentence, and in the fame circumftances, though either of them feparately would be right, feems to be a great impropriety: as,

"Though heaven's King Ride on thy wings, and thou with thy compeers,

thou

G4

Us'd

Left; and that annexed to a Command, preceding; and if with but following it; neceflarily require the Subjunctive Mode: Examples; "Let him, that ftandeth, take heed left he fall." 1 Cor. x. 12. "Take heed, that thou speak not to Jacob." Gen. xxxi. 24. "If he do but touch the hills, they fhall smoke." Pfal. civ. 32 [6],

Other Conjunctions, expreffing a Continuation, an Addition, an Inference, &c. being of a pofitive and abfolute nature, require the Indicative Mode; or rather leave the Mode to be determined by the other circumftances and conditions of the fentence.

When the Qualities of different things are compared; the latter Noun, or Pronoun, is not

Us'd to the yoke, draw'ft his triumphant wheels In progrefs through the road of heav'n ftar-pav'd."" Milton, P. L. IV. 973.

"If there be but one body of legislators, it is no better than a tyranny; if there are only two, there will want a cafting voice." Addifon, Spec. No 287.

[6] In the following inftances the Conjunction that, expreffed, or underflood, feems to be improperly accompanied with the Subjunctive Mode:

"So much the fears for William's life,

That Mary's fate fhe dare not mourn.' Prior.

"Her eyes in heaven

Would through the airy region ftream fo bright, That birds would fing, and think it were not night."

Shakefpear, Rom. and Jul..

governed

governed by the Conjunction than, or as, (for a Conjunction has no Government of Cases), but agrees with the Verb, or is governed by the Verb, or the Prepofition, expreffed, or underftood. As, "Thou art wiser than I [am]." "You are not fo tall as I [am]." "You think him handfomer than [you think] me; and you love him more than [you love] me." In all other inftances, if you complete the Sentence in like manner, by fupplying the part which is understood; the Cafe of the latter Noun, or Pronoun, will be determined. Thus, "Plato observes, that God geometrizes: and the fame thing was obferved before by a wifer man than he;' that is, than he was. "It is well expreffed by Plato; but more elegantly by Solomon than him;" that is, than by him [7].

But

[7] "You are a much greater loser than me by his death." Swift, to Pope, Letter 63.

"And tho' by heaven's fevere decree

She fuffers hourly more than me." Swift, to Stella. "We contributed a third more than the Dutch, who were obliged to the fame proportion more than us. Swift, Conduct of the Allies.

King Charles, and more than him, the Duke, and the Popish Faction, were at liberty to form new fchemes." Bolingbroke, Diff. on Parties, Letter 3.

"The drift of all his Sermons was, to prepare the Jews for the reception of a prophet, mightier than Him,

G 5

But the Relative who, having Reference to no Verb or Prepofition understood, but only to its Antecedent,

Him, and whofe fhoes he was not worthy to bear." Atterbury, Sermons, IV. 4.

"A Poem, which is good in itself, cannot lofe any thing of its real value; though it fhould appear not to be the work of fo eminent an author, as him, to whom it was firft imputed." Congreve, Pref. to Homer's Hymn to Venus.

"A ftone is heavy, and the fand weighty: but a fool's wrath is heavier than them both." Prov. xxvii. 3. "If the King gives us leave, you or I may as lawfully preach, as them that do." Hobbes, Hift. of Civil Wars, P. 62.

"The fun upon the calmest sea

Appears not half fo bright as Thee."

"Then finish, dear Chloe, this Paftoral war, And let us like Horace and Lydia agree:

Prior.

For thou art a Girl as much brighter than her, As he was a Poet fublimer than me." "Phalaris, who was fo much older than her." Bentley, Differt. on Phalaris, p. 537.

In thefe paffages it ought to be, I, We, He, They, Thou, She, respectively. Perhaps the following example may admit of a doubt, whether it be properly expreffed or not:

"The lover got a woman of a greater fortune than her he had mifs'd." Addifon, Guardian, N° 97. Let us try it by the Rule given above; and fee, whether fome correction will not be neceffary, when the parts of the Sentence, which are understood, come to be

fupplied:

Antecedent, when it follows than, is always in the Objective Cafe; even though the Perfonal Pronoun, if fubftituted in its place, would be in the Nominative: as,

"Beelzebub, than whom,

Satan except, none higher fat."

Milton, P. L. ii. 299.

which, if we fubftitute the Perfonal Pronoun, would be,

"none higher fat, than he."

The Conjunction that is often omitted and understood: as, "I beg you would come to me:" "See thou do it not:" that is, "that you would;" "that thou do [8]."

fupplied: "The lover got a woman of a greater fortune, than he [was, whim] he had mifs'd.”

"Nor hope to be myself lefs miferable

By what I feek, but others to make such
As 1."

Milton, P. L. ix. 126.

The Syntax, fays Dr. Bentley, requires," make fuch as me. On the contrary, the Syntax neceffarily requires, make fuch as I:" for it is not, "I hope to make others fuch, as to make me :" the Pronoun is not governed by the Verb to make, but is the Nominative Cafe to the Verb am understood §, "to make others fuch as I am."

[8] "But it is reason, the memory of their virtues remain to their pofterity." Bacon, Effay xiv. In this and many the like phrafes, the Conjunction were much better inferted: "that the memory, &c."/ G 6

The