in all Fortunes the intirely loved, adding the Vertues of a Wife to those of her Sex; and he fent with the greater Diligence as fearing she might be with Child, by which the Bufinefs would not have ended in Perkin's Perfon. This Lady being brought before the King, he received her not only with Compaffion but with Affection, and fent her to his Queen, who received her with the like Tenderness, and affigned her an honourable Penfion, which fhe enjoyed during her Life; and the Name of the White Rofe, which was given to her Husband's falfe Title, was continued in common Speech to her real Beauty. As for Perkin, he threw himself upon the King's Mercy, and was brought to Court but not to the King's Prefence, tho' oftentimes out of Curiofity_he would fee him out of the Gallery Window. When he came to London he was led, on Horseback, thro' all the City to the Tower, and from thence brought back to Westminster, fuffering by the Way all Kind of Indignities: And, for his greater Ignominy, they led another bound near to him, who was Farrier to the King's Stables, and then a chief Coùnfellor to Perkin, who being taken in the Habit of an Hermite, was brought to London and hanged; after he had accompanied his new' Mafter in this Proceffion. Perkin, upon Examination, declared his whole Genealogy, his Father, Mother, Grand-Fathers, Uncles, Coufins, their Employments, his Travels and Voyages, together with a great many other fuperfluous Things; all which he figned with his own Hand, and then was committed Prisoner to the Tower. But, having not long after deceived his Keepers, he made his Escape to the SeaCoaft; yet, a ftrict Search being made for him, he was forced to throw himself into the Priory of Bethlem, which had the Privilege of a Sanctuary. The Prior, being a Man of Efteem and Note, went to King Henry and beg'd his Life, leaving him otherwise to the King's Difcretion. Many advised the King to put him to Death; but the King only faid, Take out the Knave and fet him in the Stocks. So he was brought out, and Two Days after, upon a Scaffold erected in the Palace-Court at Westminster, he was fettered and fet in the Stocks for the whole Day; and the following Day the like was done at the Cross in Cheapfide, and in both Places he publickly read his Confeffion, that the World might be fully convinced that he was an Impoftor; and then was again committed to the Tower, where, having made another Attempt for his Escape, he was condemned to Death and hanged at Tyburn.

During all this Time, the Truce was inviolably observed betwixt the Two Kingdoms; but at length it was like to have been broken upon a trifling Accident, which hapned thus: The Caftle of Norham is parted from the Borders of Scotland by the River Tweed; fo that the Neighbourhood giving Occafion to Conversation and Friendship between fome young Men of England and Scotland, the latter used often to pass the River and come to drink and divert themselves with thofe of Norbam. The Souldiers of the Garrison, growing jealous of this Cuftom, did not think their coming proceeded from Friendship, but out of a Defire to know the Strength of the Garrison; whereupon falling firft to Words and then to Blows, the English being much fupernumerary to them, feveral of the Scots were kill'd and wounded. King James taking this to be an open Violation of the Truce, fent Marchmount Yyyyyy

Herauld

Herauld to complain of it, and to declare War if he got not Reparation. King Henry, who was loath to be in War with Scotland, told the Herauld, That he was forry for this Accident, which was wholly unknown to him; That he would enquire after the Aggressors, and inflict on them fuch Punishment, as there should be no Occafion to break the Truce.But nothing being done in this, King James begun to refent it more than ever: And certainly a War had enfued betwixt the Two Nations, had it not been for the Bishop of Durham, who, in many fubmiffive Letters to King James, acknowledged, That his Men were in the Wrong, (for Norham belonged to him) and that he was willing to give him what Satisfaction he pleas'd. Which fo mollify'd the King's Paffion, that he defired he might meet with him at Melrofs, where the King then was, not only to fpeak to him about that, but likewife about other Affairs of great Import to both Kingdoms. The Bishop, having acquainted King Henry of this, obtained Leave to go into Scotland; and having met with the King at Melrofs, he returned such soft and modest Answers to him, as foon brought him to a Reconciliation.

After this the King more privately converfed with him, and proposed a Marriage betwixt himself and Lady Margaret, King Henry's eldest Daughter, by which Means the Kingdoms would come to be upon a more lafting Fund of Friendship and Amity than ever. The Bishop very modeftly_answered, That he thought himself rather Happy than Worthy to be an Inftrument in fuch a Matter; but would do bis beft Endeavours. So returning to England, he acquainted King Henry of all that past betwixt them. The Propofal of the. Marriage was very acceptable to him; and the Matter being long debated in Council, the Match was determin'd, providing a Peace might preceed it. All which was effe&ted, a Peace being concluded during the Lives of the Two Kings and for One Year after. In this Peace there was an Article contain'd, That no English Man fhould enter into Scotland, nor no Scots Man into England, without Letters Commendatory from the King of either Nation.

During this Treaty of the Marriage, it was propofed by One of the English Council, as a confiderable Objection against it, That fuppofing the King's Two Sons fhould die without Ijue, then the Kingdom of England would devolve on the King of Scotland; which might prejudice the Monarchy of England. To which the King of England answered, That, if fuch a Cafe fhould happen, Scotland would be but an Acceffion to England, and not England to Scotland; because the Greater would certainly draw the Lefs: Which was a fafer Union for England than that of France.

Robert Blackater, Arch-Bishop of Glasgow, and Adam Hepburn, Earl of Bothwel, being fent Ambafladors to King Henry with a Noble Train of the Nobility to demand the Princess Margaret in Marriage, according to the Agreement betwixt the Two Kings, the Marriage was immediately performed by Proxy, and publifh'd in January 1503. Te Deum being folemnly fung in S. Paul's Church; and fuch Kejoycings were made over the whole City, that it feemed to prognofticate the happy Effects, which it afterwards produced in the Union of the Two Kingdoms. After this King Henry convoyed his Daughter the Length of Collimefton in Northampton-Shire, where the Countess of Richmond, his Mother, then lay. And after certain Days, spent in Feafting, he took his Leave of his Daughter, and blefs'd her, giving

her

her his Fatherly Advice, and recommending her to the Care of the Earls of Northumberland and Surrey. She went accompanied with a great Train of Noblemen and Ladies, and was met at S. Lambert's Church, in Lamermoor, by King James and the Principal of his Nobility. From thence she was convoyed to Dalkeith, and the next Day to Edinburgh; and the Day after they were married at the Palace of Holy-rood-boufe. At which Solemnity, fays an English Hiftorian (t), The Noblemen and Ladies of Scotland were nothing behind, but far above the English, both in coftly Apparel and rich Jewels, maffy Chains, Abulziaments fet with GoldSmith's Work garnished with Pearl and precious Stones, and in Gallant and well Trapp'd Horfes. The English Noblemen and Ladies were entertained with Balls, Mafques, Tiltings, Turnaments and other Manly Recreations. Challenges were given out in the Name of the Savage Knight, who was the King himfelf, and Rewards promised to the Victors. The Fame of this Marriage had drawn many Foreign Gentlemen to the Court, and amongst others Monfieur Darcy, who went under the Name of the Sieur de la Beaute. He and the Lord Hamilton Tilting with Grinding Spears, fome of the Savage Knight's Company, who were all of them robuft Highlanders, obliged them both to retire, and entertain'd the Spectators with a real Fight, with Broad-Swords and Targets, to the Mufic of their Bag-pipes, feverals of them being Wounded; which did not a little furprife the French and English, to fee Men, fays Haw thornden, fo ambitious of Wounds and prodigal of Blood, in Sport. The Days of Solemnity being over, and all Things moft fplendidly performed, every One was permitted to return to their feveral Homes, and bountifully Rewarded.

During the Treaty of this Marriage, Pope Julius II. fent King James a Sword and a Diadem wrought with Flowers of Gold. A particular Description of the Sword is in the Appendix, Numb. I. But that which surprised the Vulgar moft, was the Birth of a Monster, of a ftrange Shape, near Glafgom; which Hawthornden thus defcribes.

The

Body, under the Waft or Middle, varied nothing from the common Shape and Proportion of the Bodies of other Men: The Members above, both for Ufe and Comeliness, being Two; their Faces looking one Way; fitting, they feem'd Two Men to fuch who faw not their Parts beneath; and ftanding, it could not be difcerned to which of the Two Bulks above, the Thighs and Legs did appertain. They had differing Paffions and divers Wills, often chiding one another for their Disorder in their Behaviour and Actions; after much DelibeC ration, embracing that unto which they both confented. By the King's Direction they were carefully brought up, and inftructed in Mufic and Foreign Languages. This Monfter lived Twenty and Eight Years; and died when John Duke of Albany governed the 'Realm.

The immediate Effect of this Marriage is thus defcribed by our Author. There was a perfect Peace and fincere Amity, fays he, between the Two Realms of Scotland and England, for a long Time after. And truly, during the Life of King Henry, no Cause of Breach was given by either of the Princes, but they continued in great Love and Friendship and mutual Society, contracting of Marriages, continual Yyyyyy 2

Inter

(1) Hift. Ang'. Scot.

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Interchange of Merchandice between the Subjects of both Kindoms, as if they had all been under the Obedience of one Prince; whereby Juftice, Policy and Riches did flourish and abound throughout the whole Ifle of Albion. And this was the Match that gave the Lawful Succeffion of England to the Kings of Scotland.

In the Year 1507, James Prince of Scotland and Lord of the Isles, was born at Holy-rood-boufe, the 21ft of January. The Queen being brought near to the Agonies of Death in her Labour, the King went in Pilgrimage on Foot, to S. Ninians in Galloway, to pray for her Recovery; which God was pleafed to grant. But the Child died, and the next Year fhe brought forth another Son named Arthur; but he died also, and his Father-in-law, King Henry, not long after. Thefe Deaths, and the Remorfe that King James had for fighting against his Father, made him to refolve to Vifit the Holy Sepulchre, a Piece of Devotion much practifed at that Time. And in order to this, Robert Blackater Abbot of Dumfermling, was fent before him to prepare his Way: But he dying in the Journey, and the Queen, at Linlithgow, being brought to Bed of another. Son, who was Christened James, and fucceeded to him in his Throne, he altered his Refoluion. About this Time, Bernard Stuart, the Famous Warrior formerly mentioned, Alexander Stuart the King's Natural Son, and Andrew Forman, Arch-Bishop of Bourges and Bishop of Murray, arrived in Scotland. The Reason given out for their coming was, That the French King having no Male Children, craved the Advice and Counsel of the King of Scotland, concerning the Marriage of his eldeft Daughter. But their great Defign was, to engage King James to join with the French King against King Henry VIII. an open War having broke out betwixt those Two Kingdoms. And they managed this Affair fo well, that they gain'd the King intirely to their Side. The King, having equip'd a good Fleet for carrying him to Syria, and having, as we have faid, altered his Defign; to give a Proof of his Affection to his Ancient Allie the French King, he ordered fo many of his Ships to go over, under the Command of the Earl of Arran, as a Complement from him to the French Queen. But the Earl, either by Tempeft or Defign, landed upon the Coaft of Ireland, and plundered Knock-Fergus, and then returned with his Fleet to Air. King James, being extremely incenfed againft Arran for his Conduct, gives a Commiffion to the Earl of Angus and Sir Andrew Wood, to command the Fleet and go ftreight for France. The Earl of Arran, hearing of the King's Displeasure and Defign, immediately hois'd Sail and refolved to prevent them; but by a Tempeft at Sea, his Fleet was fo fhatter'd, that, when they came to Breft, their whole Sails and Cordage were fo fpoil'd, that they were oblig'd to take them from them; and the Bulks lay there till they confum'd and rotted. During thefe Tranfactions, King James, who had been complemented with the Title of Protector of the Faith, by Pope Julius II. to fhow his Zeal for the Apoftolick Sea and the Catholick Religion, feverely punish'd all thofe who were in the least sufpected of favouring the Reformation. And fo fervent was he in his Devotions, that, intending to perform them at the Shrine of S. Dutback in Rofs, our Author fays, in one Day he Pofted from Stirling to Elgin, being an Hundred and Thirty Miles; and at Night flept in his Cloaths on the Ground, in the Houfe of one Thomas Lefly, notwithstanding

that

that a fumptuous and eafy Bed was prepared for him. The next Day he was at Mass in S. Dutback's Church, in Rofs, which was about Fourty Miles from Elgin. The King, upon his Return, having fent Ambaffadors to France, was diverted by a very ftrange Adventure. There was an Italian whom he was mightily pleased with, upon the Account of his being a Man of a very facetious Converfation and projecting Humor. This Man, whom he had made Abbot of Toungland, perswaded him, and a great many of the Nobility, that he knew the Secret of the Philofopher's Stone, and of turning all Mettals into Gold, if he had but a Sum of Money to carry on the Experiment. Upon this the King, and feveral Perfons of Quality, gave him confiderable Encouragement; but, finding he was like to perform nothing, he knew not how to support his Credit but by another extravagant Project, which was this. He came to the Court, and told the King that he had found out the Art of Flying; and, to convince him and the whole Nation of it, he appointed a Day upon which he was to take his Flight from the Top of the Caftle of Stirling, and promifed to be at the Court of France before the Arrival of the Ambaffadors. The King was prevail'd upon to let him try the Experiment; fo, upon the Day appointed, a great Confluence of People, from all Parts of the Kingdom, met at Stirling; he, having fix'd a Pair of Wings upon his Two Arms, with a great deal of Affurance, takes his Flight from the highest Part of the Caftle, but dropt down at the Foot of the Rock and broke his Thigh-Bone. Notwithstanding of which, he had the Confidence to fend his Apology to the King, and to acquaint him, That the Reafon of his Misfortune was, that the Wings had been only made of the Feathers of common Fowls; whereas, if they had been of Eagles Feathers, he could not have fail'd in his Defign. Not long after this, upon the 23d of April, 1508, Monfieur Darcy, with his Brother and Robert Cockburn Bishop of Ross, arrived from France, with new Inftructions from the French King. About the fame Time likewife, died Bernard Stuart, the famous Warrior formerly mentioned, at Corstorphin ; whofe Heart, by his own Orders, was carried to Galloway and buried in S. Ninian's Church there. His Father John, Lord Aubigny in France, was Second Son to Sir John Stuart Lord Darnly, and Ifobel Seton, Daughter to Sir William Seton of That-Ilk, one of the Earl of Winton's Anceftors: And he himself, for his valiant Exploits, was, by Lewis XII. King of France, created Duke of Terra-Nova, Marquis de Gyralle and Squillazo, Count of Acri, Grand-Constable of Sicily and Ferusalem, ViceRoy of Naples, Captain of the Guard de Corps, and Lieutenant-General of the French Army in Italy. Upon the 27th of May, in the same Year, Monfieur Darcy, and the Arch-Deacon of S. Andrew's, were fent to France with new and repeated Affurances of his obferving the Ancient League between the Two Nations: The King honoured them fo far, that he accompanied them himself the Length of the Island May. But, that the King of England might not take any Umbrage at the frequent Embaffies betwixt him and France, he fent the Bishop of Murray Ambaffador to England, who, by his prudent Management, put a Stop for fome Time, to the War that was like to break out betwixt the Two Nations. The Maxwels and Creichtons, at this Time having a Feud, met at Dumfreis; where, after a sharp Conflict, in which many

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