History of the Byzantine Empire, 324-1453, المجلد 2University of Wisconsin Press, 1958 - 846 من الصفحات |
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الصفحة 390
... Europe . The astounding offensive of the Arabs , as H. Pirenne said , " changed the face of the world . Its sudden thrust had destroyed ancient Europe . It had put an end to the Mediterranean common- wealth in which it had gathered its ...
... Europe . The astounding offensive of the Arabs , as H. Pirenne said , " changed the face of the world . Its sudden thrust had destroyed ancient Europe . It had put an end to the Mediterranean common- wealth in which it had gathered its ...
الصفحة 399
... Europe could pass unmolested " must now be considered too positive . There is no information on pilgrimages from Byzantium to the Holy Land in the eleventh century . A Byzantine monk , Epiphane , the author of the first Greek itinerary ...
... Europe could pass unmolested " must now be considered too positive . There is no information on pilgrimages from Byzantium to the Holy Land in the eleventh century . A Byzantine monk , Epiphane , the author of the first Greek itinerary ...
الصفحة 400
... Europe changed radically ; a new world was opened to western Europe . The subsequent crusades did not add very much to the achievements of this period ; they only continued the processes developed in these fifty - one years . And it is ...
... Europe changed radically ; a new world was opened to western Europe . The subsequent crusades did not add very much to the achievements of this period ; they only continued the processes developed in these fifty - one years . And it is ...
المحتوى
BYZANTIUM AND THE CRUSADES | 375 |
THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE 10251402 following page | 479 |
THE EMPIRE OF NICAEA 120461 | 506 |
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